Trembling aspen response to a mixed-severity wildfire in the Black Hills, South Dakota, USA

نویسندگان

  • Tara L. Keyser
  • Frederick W. Smith
  • Wayne D. Shepperd
چکیده

Trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) regeneration dynamics including sprout production, growth, and clone size were measured to determine the effects of fire on small aspen clone persistence following a mixedseverity wildfire in the Black Hills, South Dakota. Four years postfire, 10 small, isolated aspen clones per low and high fire severity classes were compared with 10 unburned clones. Regardless of severity, fire did not cause an increase in the area occupied by individual aspen clones. Clones affected by high severity fire had the greatest suckering response producing an average of 31 930 sprouts·ha–1; more than double the sprout density in unburned clones and 67% greater than the sprout density in clones affected by low severity fire. Sprout growth in high severity clones was 135% and 60% greater than sprout growth in unburned and low severity clones. The succession of these clones to more shade-tolerant ponderosa pine was delayed in clones affected by high severity fire as high severity fire caused significant pine mortality within and surrounding the clone, whereas, without further disturbance, pine encroachment and dominance will likely continue in clones affected by low severity fire. Résumé : La dynamique de régénération du peuplier faux-tremble (Populus tremuloides Michx.), incluant la production de drageons, la croissance et la taille des clones, a été mesurée pour déterminer les effets du feu sur la persistance de petits clones de peuplier à la suite d’un feu dont l’intensité était variable dans les Black Hills du Dakota du Sud. Quatre ans après le feu, 10 petits clones isolés de peuplier pour chacune des classes de sévérité, soit faible soit élevée, ont été comparés à 10 clones non brûlés. Peu importe son intensité, le feu n’a pas causé d’augmentation de la superficie occupée par chacun des clones de peuplier. Les clones affectés par le feu de forte intensité ont produit le plus fort drageonnement avec 31 930·ha–1, ce qui correspond à plus du double de la densité de drageons dans les clones non brûlés et à 67 % de plus que la densité observée dans les clones affectés par le feu de faible intensité. La croissance des drageons des clones affectés par le feu de forte intensité était respectivement 135 et 60 % plus élevée que celle des clones non brûlés et affectés par le feu de faible intensité. La succession de ces clones vers le pin ponderosa, une espèce plus tolérante à l’ombre, a été retardée dans les clones affectés par le feu de forte intensité qui a causé une mortalité importante du pin à l’intérieur et à la périphérie des clones. Toutefois, si aucune autre perturbation ne survient, l’envahissement et la dominance du pin devraient se poursuivre dans les clones affectés par le feu de faible intensité. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Keyser et al. 2684

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تاریخ انتشار 2005